Factors affecting machine tool castings

The wear resistance and dimensional stability of the machine tool castings directly affect the precision and life of the machine tool. The factors that affect the quality of castings are the design process of castings, casting technology, process operation rules, the quality of casting raw materials and so on.

The design process of castings. In the process of design, in addition to determining the geometric shape and size of castings according to working conditions and metal material properties, the rationality of the design should also be considered from the point of view of casting alloy and casting process characteristics. that is, obvious size effect and solidification, shrinkage, stress and other problems, in order to avoid or reduce the defects such as composition segregation, deformation and cracking of copper castings.

It is necessary to have reasonable casting technology. That is, according to the casting structure, weight and size, casting alloy characteristics and production conditions, the appropriate parting surface, modeling and core-making method are selected, and the casting reinforcement, cold iron, riser and gating system are set up reasonably.

In the process operation, it is necessary to formulate reasonable process operation rules, improve the technical level of workers, and correctly implement the process rules of machine tool castings.

Quality of raw materials for casting. The quality of metal charge, refractory, fuel, flux, modifier, casting sand, molding sand binder, coating and other materials is not up to the standard, which will cause defects such as pores, pinholes, slag inclusion, sand sticking and other defects in the castings, which will affect the appearance and internal quality of the machine tool castings, and will make the castings scrapped in serious cases.